Chapters on Shares of Inheritance

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ بِلاَلٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏ "‏ كُفْرٌ بِامْرِئٍ ادِّعَاءُ نَسَبٍ لاَ يَعْرِفُهُ أَوْ جَحْدُهُ وَإِنْ دَقَّ ‏"‏ ‏.‏

It was narrated from ‘Amr bin Shu’aib, from his father, from his grandfather, that the Prophet (ﷺ) said:“It is disbelief for a man to attribute himself to someone other than his father knowingly, or to deny his connection to his father, even subtly.”

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ الْيَمَانِ، عَنِ الْمُثَنَّى بْنِ الصَّبَّاحِ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ "‏ مَنْ عَاهَرَ أَمَةً أَوْ حُرَّةً فَوَلَدُهُ وَلَدُ زِنًا لاَ يَرِثُ وَلاَ يُورَثُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏

It was narrated from ‘Amr bin Shu’aib, from his father, from his grandfather that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:“Whoever commits adultery with a slave woman or a free woman, his child is illegitimate, and he cannot inherit from him or be inherited from (i.e., this child cannot inherit from him).”

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكَّارِ بْنِ بِلاَلٍ الدِّمَشْقِيُّ، أَنْبَأَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَاشِدٍ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ مُوسَى، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏ "‏ كُلُّ مُسْتَلْحَقٍ اسْتُلْحِقَ بَعْدَ أَبِيهِ الَّذِي يُدْعَى لَهُ ادَّعَاهُ وَرَثَتُهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ فَقَضَى أَنَّ مَنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَمَةٍ يَمْلِكُهَا يَوْمَ أَصَابَهَا فَقَدْ لَحِقَ بِمَنِ اسْتَلْحَقَهُ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ فِيمَا قُسِمَ قَبْلَهُ مِنَ الْمِيرَاثِ شَىْءٌ وَمَا أَدْرَكَ مِنْ مِيرَاثٍ لَمْ يُقْسَمْ فَلَهُ نَصِيبُهُ وَلاَ يَلْحَقُ إِذَا كَانَ أَبُوهُ الَّذِي يُدْعَى لَهُ أَنْكَرَهُ وَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَمَةٍ لاَ يَمْلِكُهَا أَوْ مِنْ حُرَّةٍ عَاهَرَ بِهَا فَإِنَّهُ لاَ يَلْحَقُ وَلاَ يُورَثُ وَإِنْ كَانَ الَّذِي يُدْعَى لَهُ هُوَ ادَّعَاهُ فَهُوَ وَلَدُ زِنًا لأَهْلِ أُمِّهِ مَنْ كَانُوا حُرَّةً أَوْ أَمَةً ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَاشِدٍ يَعْنِي بِذَلِكَ مَا قُسِمَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ قَبْلَ الإِسْلاَمِ ‏.‏

It was narrated from ‘Amr bin Shu’aib, from his father, from his grandfather, that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:“Every child who is attributed to his father after his father to whom he is attributed has died, and his heirs attributed him to him after he died, he ruled that* whoever was born to a slave woman whom he owned at the time when he had intercourse with her, he should be named after the one to whom he was attributed, but he has no share of any inheritance that was distributed previously. Whatever inheritance he finds has not yet been distributed, he will have a share of it. But he cannot be named after his father if the man whom he claimed as his father did not acknowledge him. If he as born to a slave woman whom his father did not own, or to a free woman with whom he committed adultery, then he cannot be named after him and he does not inherit from him, even if the one whom he claims as his father acknowledges him. So he is an illegitimate child who belongs to his mother’s people, whoever they are, whether she is a free woman or a slave.”

حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، وَسُفْيَانُ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَنْ بَيْعِ الْوَلاَءِ وَعَنْ هِبَتِهِ ‏.‏

It was narrated that Ibn ‘Umar said:“The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade selling the right of inheritance or giving it away.”

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ أَبِي الشَّوَارِبِ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سُلَيْمٍ الطَّائِفِيُّ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَنْ بَيْعِ الْوَلاَءِ وَعَنْ هِبَتِهِ ‏.‏

It was narrated that Ibn ‘Umar said:The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade selling the right of inheritance, or giving it as a gift

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رُمْحٍ، أَنْبَأَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ نَافِعًا، يُخْبِرُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏ "‏ مَا كَانَ مِنْ مِيرَاثٍ قُسِمَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَهُوَ عَلَى قِسْمَةِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَمَا كَانَ مِنْ مِيرَاثٍ أَدْرَكَهُ الإِسْلاَمُ فَهُوَ عَلَى قِسْمَةِ الإِسْلاَمِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏

It was narrated from ‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:“Whatever division of inheritance was made during the Ignorance period, stands according to the division of the Ignorance period, and whatever division of inheritance was made during Islam, it stands according to the division of Islam.”

حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ بَدْرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ "‏ إِذَا اسْتَهَلَّ الصَّبِيُّ صُلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ وَوَرِثَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏

It was narrated from Jabir that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:“If the child has cired, the (funeral) prayer should be offered for him (if he dies) and he is an heir.”

حَدَّثَنَا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ الدِّمَشْقِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا مَرْوَانُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ بِلاَلٍ، حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، وَالْمِسْوَرِ بْنِ مَخْرَمَةَ، قَالاَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ "‏ لاَ يَرِثُ الصَّبِيُّ حَتَّى يَسْتَهِلَّ صَارِخًا ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَاسْتِهْلاَلُهُ أَنْ يَبْكِيَ وَيَصِيحَ أَوْ يَعْطِسَ ‏.‏

It was narrated from Jabir bin ‘Abdullah and Miswar bin Makhrumah that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:“No child inherits until he raises his voice or cries.”

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَوْهَبٍ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ تَمِيمًا الدَّارِيَّ، يَقُولُ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا السُّنَّةُ فِي الرَّجُلِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ يُسْلِمُ عَلَى يَدَىِ الرَّجُلِ قَالَ ‏ "‏ هُوَ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِمَحْيَاهُ وَمَمَاتِهِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏

It was narrated that ‘Abdullah bin Mawhab said:“I heard Tamim Ad- Dari say: ‘I said: O Messenger of Allah, what is the Sunnah concerning a man from among the People of the Book who becomes a Muslim at the hands of another man?’ He said: ‘He is the closest of all people to him in life and in death.’”